Post 3.11, 大震災後

|| A project at TUAT || News: March 2013

Based on volunteer spirit (without a specific budget on the objectives), we are trying to do some model experiments (without using a radio-active material) to study what we can do for “Fukushima” issues… 特定の研究プロジェクトではなく、「ボランティア」に基づき、フクシマ問題に対して私たちの研究室ではどんなモデル（放射線物を使用しない）実験が出来るかを検討しています。

Around our Lab:

2013/7/31-8/2, Fuchu.
Japan Society for Environmental Chemistry – 第22回環境化学討論会 http://www.j-ec.or.jp,
(Poster) 球根類に存在する放射性物質の分布モデルに関する予備的検討
角田英男、玄大雄(D2)、菅野博也(M2)、Wuled Lenggoro

2013: Starting a project to model the material transport within the plant and their relation with soils.

2012 Jan.4: A student got leaves collected from Fukushima for future study.

2011 Oct.16: With a collaborator, Lenggoro measured the radioactive value of trees, leaves, and their related matters/structures in some parks in Tokyo.

July 25-29, Aug.29,30 Sept.1,2 (total ten days): Our building (Graduate School of BASE) will experimentally “blackout” the electric power of all Labs.

June 20: Morning class/lecture will be started from 8:00 (changed from 8:45)

May 30: We received some of (leaves) samples collected from Iwaki-shi, Fukushima prefecture for further/future study.

Mar. 28: JAAST changed the venue of Annual Meeting (August 2011), from Fuchu campus to Osaka Prefecture University. *Lenggoro: Organizing Committee. In the meeting, there were some reports on aerosols related to the Mar.11 accident.

Mar. 18: One of new members returned to Tokyo, after spending few weeks in home town/Fukushima.

Mar. 16: Radioactive level our campus is 0.055 micro Sv/h. The averages before 11 March are 0.028-0.079 micro Sv/h.

Mar. 15: We’ve regrettably canceled 76th Annual Meeting, Society of Chemical Engineers, which should be held Mar. 22-24 in Koganei campus. (Lenggoro: Program committee)

Mar. 14: Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco) is making a On/Off (blackout) regulation for supplying campus: Three hours OFF per day (Not every day). This on/off condition continued for few days.

Mar 11: Japan’s biggest earthquake on record with a magnitude 9.0 (approximately same Richter magnitude scale). Distance from Epicenter to our campus is around 400 km. Our lab, students, related members/families are fine, physically.

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Actions from society:
* Oceanographic Society of Japan.海洋学会 | 日本農業気象学会
* May 20: Meteorological Society. 気象学会More-1, More-2.
* Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 日本土壌肥料学会.
* Articles on radioactive aerosol Journal of Aerosol Research, Japan (1994-2002)

Relation between RAIN and others.
:: Radioactive material level of fallout in Tokyo / day > tokyo-eiken.go.jp
:: Radioactive material level in tap water in Tokyo / day > tokyo-eiken.go.jp
:: Environmental radiation levels in Tokyo / hour > tokyo-eiken.go.jp

Useful sites
* An assistant professor at U. Tokyo. >> Q&A and Real-time measurement >> twitter
* A collection of links

SIMULATION
* Cesium-137 deposition, from PNAS 2011
* By a Swiss institution > meteocentrale.ch

Effect to soil, 土壌への影響
* About 濃縮 By nhk
* 137Cs deposition maps – via aerosol routes, PNAS (2011) >> Cesium-137 deposition and contamination of Japanese soils

MEMO
* Radioactive level of Tokyo : Average before 11 March ~ 0.034 μGy/h >> Graph
* 自然界で１年間に2400 micro Sv.(6.5 micro Sv/day = 0.27 micro Sv/h)
* Distance between Tokyo and Fukushima reactor = 250 km.
* Radiation Dose Chart (for Basic Education)

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ISSUES：Size and carrier
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Kaneyasu et al. (2012)
Article from two of our colleagues (Kaneyasu and Okuda):
Sulfate Aerosol as a Potential Transport Medium of Radiocesium from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
by Naoki Kaneyasu, Hideo Ohashi, Fumie Suzuki, Tomoaki Okuda, and Fumikazu Ikemori
Environmental Science and Technology 46(11), 5720-5726 (2012)
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/es204667h
http://www.aist.go.jp/aist_j/new_research/nr20120731/nr20120731.html#c (in Japanese)

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ARTICLES after Fukushima issues:
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Monitoring of aerosols in Tsukuba after Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant incident in 2011
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X11002505
Y. Kanai, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2011

Development of a new aerosol monitoring system and its application in Fukushima nuclear accident related aerosol radioactivity measurement at the CTBT radionuclide station in Sidney of Canada
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X11001950
Weihua Zhang, , Marc Bean, Mike Benotto, Jeff Cheung, Kurt Ungar, Brian Ahier
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 102 (12), December 2011, Pages 1065–1069

Evidence of neutron leakage at the Fukushima nuclear plant from measurements of radioactive 35S in California
http://www.pnas.org/content/108/35/14422.short
Antra Priyadarshi, Gerardo Dominguez, and Mark H. Thiemens, PNAS, 2011

Assessment of individual radionuclide distributions from the Fukushima nuclear accident covering central-east Japan
http://www.pnas.org/content/108/49/19526.full
Norikazu Kinoshita et al., PNAS, 2011

2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident: summary of regional radioactive deposition monitoring results
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X1100213X
Katsumi Hirose
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

Video @ YouTube:
– 児玉龍彦 (U. Tokyo)…これは粒子です。粒子の拡散は非線形。。流体力学の計算でも最も難しい。。メルトダウンして放出するとなると細かい粒子が沢山放出される。今回の稲藁の問題です。

Yasunari et al. (PNAS, 2011) Cesium-137 deposition and contamination of Japanese soils due to the Fukushima nuclear accident….The aerosol-bound 137Cs can be removed from the atmosphere and brought to the surface by dry or wet deposition.

海水注入で放射性硫黄が飛散＝カリフォルニアで観測―米大学
[時事通信 8月16日]福島第1原発事故で、原子炉冷却に注入した海水から放射性硫黄が発生し、米カリフォルニア州まで飛散していたとする観測結果を、UCの研究チームが16日までにまとめた。同大のエアロゾルを観測する施設で3月28日、放射能を帯びた硫黄35を含む硫酸イオンの量が例年平均の約3倍検出された。硫黄35は自然界にも存在しているが、量はわずか。研究チームはシミュレーションなどから、今回検出された硫黄35は、コンクリートポンプ車などで原子炉に注入した海水に含まれる塩素が、中性子と反応して生じたとしている。Journal: PNAS (Aug.2011)